ABSTRACT
En la Universidad Mayor Real Pontificia de San Francisco Xavier de Chuquisaca, los estudiantes universitarios son vulnerables a una mala nutrición, no desayunan, ayunan por largas horas, prefieren la comida rápida. Los hábitos poco saludables, provocan una serie de consecuencias que perjudican el estado de salud e influyen en su calidad de vida. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la frecuencia de hábitos alimenticios de los estudiantes. En este estudio se encuestaron por medio de un test por vía web a la población de la Universidad San Francisco Xavier de Chuquisaca tomando una muestra de 344 estudiantes de las distintas facultades. Se utilizó el método hipotético deductivo cualitativo, tomando en cuenta la variable hábitos alimenticios, la herramienta que se utilizó para el vaciado de datos fue Excel. Entre los resultados, se determinó que un 38.37% de estudiantes tienen malos hábitos alimenticios, un 25,58% tienen buenos hábitos alimenticios y un 36,05% tienen hábitos alimenticios regulares. Un porcentaje de estudiantes consideran que el sabor es el factor más importante a la hora de escoger alimentos con un 40,7%. El principal motivo por el cual evitan un alimento, es porque no les gusta y tan solo 12,50% no evitan ningún alimento. En conclusión, los inadecuados hábitos alimentarios hallados en este estudio están relacionados a los factores de que no desayunan y consumen alimentos que están a su alcance económico. Esta etapa es crítica en la adquisición de buenos hábitos alimenticios en la vida universitaria.
At the Universidad Mayor Real Pontificia de San Francisco Xavier de Chuquisaca, university students are vulnerable to poor nutrition, they do not eat breakfast, they fast for long hours, they prefer fast food. Unhealthy habits cause a series of consequences that damage the state of health and influence their quality of life. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of eating habits of the students. In this study, the population of the San Francisco Xavier de Chuquisaca University were surveyed by means of a web test, taking a sample of 344 students from the different faculties. The hypothetical qualitative deductive method was used, taking into account the variable eating habits, the tool used to empty the data was Excel. Among the results, it was determined that 38.37% of students have bad eating habits, 25.58% have good eating habits and 36.05% have regular eating habits. A percentage of students consider that taste is the most important factor when choosing food with 40.7%. The main reason why they avoid a food is because they do not like it and only 12.50% do not avoid any food. In conclusion, the inadequate eating habits found in this study are related to the factors that they do not eat breakfast and consume foods that are within their economic reach. This stage is critical in the acquisition of good eating habits in university life-
Subject(s)
Humans , Health Status , Feeding Behavior , Habits , Population , Universities , MethodsABSTRACT
Objective@#To explore the depression and influencing factors of patients with adjuvant radiotherapy after reconstruction of oral cancer flaps and to provide evidence for postoperative care.@*Methods@#One hundred thirty-six patients with oral cancer who had undergone adjuvant radiotherapy after reconstruction of skin flaps at 4 affiliated hospitals in Harbin Medical University were selected by convenience sampling. The basic information of the patients with adjuvant radiotherapy after reconstruction of skin flaps was collected, a self-rating scale for depression was used to assess depression, and a questionnaire was used to assess symptom distress. Depression and its influencing factors were determined by multiple stepwise regression analysis. @*Results@#The average score of depression in patients with oral cancer after skin flap reconstruction was (52.32±13.11): 33.1% of the patients showed mild depression, 21.3% showed moderate depression, and 2.2% showed severe depression. Postoperatively, the patients had pain, dysphagia, taste disorders, temporomandibular joint and salivary gland dysfunction, as well as marital and financial problems. The results showed that dysphagia (P < 0.001), taste disorder (P < 0.001), marital status (P=0.004) and family income per month (P= 0.011) could be the influencing factors of depression in patients with oral cancer during radiotherapy, and a significant correlation was found between them.@*Conclusion @#Patients with adjuvant radiotherapy after reconstruction of oral cancer flaps have depressive symptoms, which will seriously affect the quality of life. Therefore, the care of such patients should focus on improving the postoperative depression of patients.
ABSTRACT
Resumen El propósito de esta investigación fue identificar los niveles de resiliencia en personas divorciadas de acuerdo con el nivel educativo y los ingresos económicos. Para Gómez (2010), las situaciones adversas se afrontan mejor con adecuados niveles de resiliencia. El estudio contó con 139 parti cipantes divorciados, hombres (44,6 %), y mujeres (55,4 %); con estudios básicos (48,2 %), con estudios universitarios (51,8 %), con ingresos económicos inferiores a $1.800.000 (60,4 %), y superiores a $1.800.000 (39,6 %). Se utilizó una metodología cuantitativa, con diseño transversal, se corrieron Análisis de Varianza (ANOVA) con el fin de responder a las preguntas de investiga ción. Las personas con educación superior mostraron mayores niveles de resiliencia en compe tencia social y apoyo social, así mismo, los que tenían mayores ingresos económicos mostraron mayor fortaleza y confianza en sí mismos, competencia social, apoyo familiar y estructura; a su vez, se encontró un efecto de interacción entre el nivel de ingresos económicos y el nivel educativo en fortaleza y confianza en sí mismos. Para futuras investigaciones se sugiere profundizar en estos resultados a nivel cualitativo.
Abstract The purpose of this research was to identify levels of resilience in divorced people according to their education and income levels. For Gomez (2010), adverse situations are best dealt with ad equate levels of resilience. The study involved 139 divorced participants: divorced men (44.6 %) and women (55.4 %); with basic education (48.2 %), college educated (51.8 %), with an income of less than COP $1.8 million (60.4 %) and with an income higher than COP $1.8 million (39.6 %). The methodology was quantitative with a cross design and ANOVAS were run in order to answer the research questions. People with college education showed higher levels of resilience in social competence and social support. Furthermore, those with higher income showed greater strength and self-confidence, social competence, family support and structure. In addition, an effect was found between the interaction of levels of income and education level, and the in strength and self-confidence. For future research, it is suggested to deepen these results on qualitative level.
ABSTRACT
La alexitimia no ha sido estudiada en relación con las respuestas de duelo de Kübler-Ross. Esta investigación tiene como objetivos estudiar la asociación y predecir las respuestas psicológicas de duelo con alexitimia, religiosidad, escolaridad e ingreso económico. A una muestra no probabilística de 120 mujeres con cáncer se les aplicó la escala de respuestas psicológicas de duelo ante la pérdida de la salud y la escala de alexitimia de Toronto. La alexitimia predijo mayor reacción de afecto negativo con tamaño de efecto grande, pero fue independiente de actitud positiva. Menor ingreso económico predijo mayor actitud positiva con tamaño de efecto mediano. Convicción religiosa predijo mayor actitud positiva con tamaño de efecto pequeño. Aunque práctica religiosa tuvo mayor relación que convicción religiosa, ofreció peor ajuste. Se concluye que las variables estudiadas tienen efectos significativos sobre las respuestas psicológicas de duelo...
Alexithymia has not been studied in relation to the Kübler-Ross psychological responses of grief. The aim of this research was to study the association and predict psychological responses of grief with alexithy-mia, religiosity, level of schooling, and economic income. The scale of psychological responses of grief before the loss of health and Toronto alexithymia scale were administered to a non-probability sample of 120 women with cancer. Alexithymia predicted greater negative affect reaction with a large effect size, but it was independent of positive attitude. Lower economic income predicted greater positive attitude with a medium effect size. Religious conviction predicted greater positive attitude with a small effect size. Although religious practice had a greater relationship to psychological responses of grief than to religious conviction, it offered worst fit. It is concluded that the studied variables have significant effects on the psychological responses of grief...